From dae38ffd9b6d2f873a188bb558a75b9e8abf4ad9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Richie Cahill Date: Sat, 28 Mar 2026 14:04:51 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] added ingest_congress.py --- python/data_science/ingest_congress.py | 511 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 511 insertions(+) create mode 100644 python/data_science/ingest_congress.py diff --git a/python/data_science/ingest_congress.py b/python/data_science/ingest_congress.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4635106 --- /dev/null +++ b/python/data_science/ingest_congress.py @@ -0,0 +1,511 @@ +"""Ingestion pipeline for loading congress data from unitedstates/congress JSON files. + +Loads legislators, bills, votes, vote records, and bill text into the data_science_dev database. + +Usage: + ingest-congress /path/to/congress/data/ + ingest-congress /path/to/congress/data/ --congress 118 + ingest-congress /path/to/congress/data/ --congress 118 --only bills +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +import logging +from pathlib import Path # noqa: TC003 needed at runtime for typer CLI argument +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Annotated + +import orjson +import typer +from sqlalchemy import select +from sqlalchemy.orm import Session + +from python.common import configure_logger +from python.orm.common import get_postgres_engine +from python.orm.data_science_dev.congress import Bill, BillText, Legislator, Vote, VoteRecord + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import Iterator + + from sqlalchemy.engine import Engine + +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) + +BATCH_SIZE = 10_000 + +app = typer.Typer(help="Ingest unitedstates/congress data into data_science_dev.") + + +@app.command() +def main( + data_dir: Annotated[Path, typer.Argument(help="Path to the congress data/ directory")], + congress: Annotated[int | None, typer.Option(help="Only ingest a specific congress number")] = None, + only: Annotated[ + str | None, + typer.Option(help="Only run a specific step: legislators, bills, votes, bill-text"), + ] = None, +) -> None: + """Ingest congress data from unitedstates/congress JSON files.""" + configure_logger(level="INFO") + + if not data_dir.is_dir(): + typer.echo(f"Data directory does not exist: {data_dir}", err=True) + raise typer.Exit(code=1) + + engine = get_postgres_engine(name="DATA_SCIENCE_DEV") + + congress_dirs = _resolve_congress_dirs(data_dir, congress) + if not congress_dirs: + typer.echo("No congress directories found.", err=True) + raise typer.Exit(code=1) + + logger.info("Found %d congress directories to process", len(congress_dirs)) + + steps = { + "legislators": ingest_legislators, + "bills": ingest_bills, + "votes": ingest_votes, + "bill-text": ingest_bill_text, + } + + if only: + if only not in steps: + typer.echo(f"Unknown step: {only}. Choose from: {', '.join(steps)}", err=True) + raise typer.Exit(code=1) + steps = {only: steps[only]} + + for step_name, step_func in steps.items(): + logger.info("=== Starting step: %s ===", step_name) + step_func(engine, congress_dirs) + logger.info("=== Finished step: %s ===", step_name) + + logger.info("ingest-congress done") + + +def _resolve_congress_dirs(data_dir: Path, congress: int | None) -> list[Path]: + """Find congress number directories under data_dir.""" + if congress is not None: + target = data_dir / str(congress) + return [target] if target.is_dir() else [] + return sorted(path for path in data_dir.iterdir() if path.is_dir() and path.name.isdigit()) + + +def _flush_batch(session: Session, batch: list[object], label: str) -> int: + """Add a batch of ORM objects to the session and commit. Returns count added.""" + if not batch: + return 0 + session.add_all(batch) + session.commit() + count = len(batch) + logger.info("Committed %d %s", count, label) + batch.clear() + return count + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Legislators — extracted from vote JSON files (voter records include bioguide_id, name, party, state) +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +def ingest_legislators(engine: Engine, congress_dirs: list[Path]) -> None: + """Extract unique legislators from vote data and insert them.""" + with Session(engine) as session: + seen_bioguide_ids = set(session.scalars(select(Legislator.bioguide_id)).all()) + logger.info("Found %d existing legislators in DB", len(seen_bioguide_ids)) + + total_inserted = 0 + batch: list[Legislator] = [] + for congress_dir in congress_dirs: + votes_dir = congress_dir / "votes" + if not votes_dir.is_dir(): + continue + logger.info("Scanning legislators from %s", congress_dir.name) + for vote_file in votes_dir.rglob("data.json"): + data = _read_json(vote_file) + if data is None: + continue + _extract_legislators(data, seen_bioguide_ids, batch) + if len(batch) >= BATCH_SIZE: + total_inserted += _flush_batch(session, batch, "legislators") + + total_inserted += _flush_batch(session, batch, "legislators") + logger.info("Inserted %d new legislators total", total_inserted) + + +def _iter_voters(position_group: object) -> Iterator[dict]: + """Yield voter dicts from a vote position group (handles list, single dict, or string).""" + if isinstance(position_group, dict): + yield position_group + elif isinstance(position_group, list): + for voter in position_group: + if isinstance(voter, dict): + yield voter + + +def _extract_legislators(data: dict, seen_bioguide_ids: set[str], batch: list[Legislator]) -> None: + """Extract unique legislators from a single vote data.json.""" + for position_group in data.get("votes", {}).values(): + for voter in _iter_voters(position_group): + bioguide_id = voter.get("id") + if not bioguide_id or bioguide_id in seen_bioguide_ids: + continue + seen_bioguide_ids.add(bioguide_id) + first_name, last_name = _split_name(voter.get("display_name", "")) + batch.append( + Legislator( + bioguide_id=bioguide_id, + first_name=first_name, + last_name=last_name, + current_party=voter.get("party"), + current_state=voter.get("state"), + ) + ) + + +def _split_name(display_name: str) -> tuple[str, str]: + """Split 'Last, First' or 'Name' into (first, last).""" + if "," in display_name: + parts = display_name.split(",", 1) + return parts[1].strip(), parts[0].strip() + parts = display_name.rsplit(" ", 1) + if len(parts) > 1: + return parts[0].strip(), parts[1].strip() + return display_name, "" + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Bills +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +def ingest_bills(engine: Engine, congress_dirs: list[Path]) -> None: + """Load bill data.json files.""" + with Session(engine) as session: + existing_bills = { + (row.congress, row.bill_type, row.number) + for row in session.execute(select(Bill.congress, Bill.bill_type, Bill.number)).all() + } + logger.info("Found %d existing bills in DB", len(existing_bills)) + + total_inserted = 0 + batch: list[Bill] = [] + for congress_dir in congress_dirs: + bills_dir = congress_dir / "bills" + if not bills_dir.is_dir(): + continue + logger.info("Scanning bills from %s", congress_dir.name) + for bill_file in bills_dir.rglob("data.json"): + data = _read_json(bill_file) + if data is None: + continue + bill = _parse_bill(data, existing_bills) + if bill is not None: + batch.append(bill) + if len(batch) >= BATCH_SIZE: + total_inserted += _flush_batch(session, batch, "bills") + + total_inserted += _flush_batch(session, batch, "bills") + logger.info("Inserted %d new bills total", total_inserted) + + +def _parse_bill(data: dict, existing_bills: set[tuple[int, str, int]]) -> Bill | None: + """Parse a bill data.json dict into a Bill ORM object, skipping existing.""" + raw_congress = data.get("congress") + bill_type = data.get("bill_type") + raw_number = data.get("number") + if raw_congress is None or bill_type is None or raw_number is None: + return None + congress = int(raw_congress) + number = int(raw_number) + if (congress, bill_type, number) in existing_bills: + return None + + sponsor_bioguide = None + sponsor = data.get("sponsor") + if sponsor: + sponsor_bioguide = sponsor.get("bioguide_id") + + return Bill( + congress=congress, + bill_type=bill_type, + number=number, + title=data.get("short_title") or data.get("official_title"), + title_short=data.get("short_title"), + official_title=data.get("official_title"), + status=data.get("status"), + status_at=data.get("status_at"), + sponsor_bioguide_id=sponsor_bioguide, + subjects_top_term=data.get("subjects_top_term"), + ) + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Votes (and vote records) +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +def ingest_votes(engine: Engine, congress_dirs: list[Path]) -> None: + """Load vote data.json files with their vote records.""" + with Session(engine) as session: + legislator_map = _build_legislator_map(session) + logger.info("Loaded %d legislators into lookup map", len(legislator_map)) + bill_map = _build_bill_map(session) + logger.info("Loaded %d bills into lookup map", len(bill_map)) + existing_votes = { + (row.congress, row.chamber, row.session, row.number) + for row in session.execute( + select(Vote.congress, Vote.chamber, Vote.session, Vote.number) + ).all() + } + logger.info("Found %d existing votes in DB", len(existing_votes)) + + total_inserted = 0 + batch: list[Vote] = [] + for congress_dir in congress_dirs: + votes_dir = congress_dir / "votes" + if not votes_dir.is_dir(): + continue + logger.info("Scanning votes from %s", congress_dir.name) + for vote_file in votes_dir.rglob("data.json"): + data = _read_json(vote_file) + if data is None: + continue + vote = _parse_vote(data, legislator_map, bill_map, existing_votes) + if vote is not None: + batch.append(vote) + if len(batch) >= BATCH_SIZE: + total_inserted += _flush_batch(session, batch, "votes") + + total_inserted += _flush_batch(session, batch, "votes") + logger.info("Inserted %d new votes total", total_inserted) + + +def _build_legislator_map(session: Session) -> dict[str, int]: + """Build a mapping of bioguide_id -> legislator.id.""" + return { + row.bioguide_id: row.id + for row in session.execute(select(Legislator.bioguide_id, Legislator.id)).all() + } + + +def _build_bill_map(session: Session) -> dict[tuple[int, str, int], int]: + """Build a mapping of (congress, bill_type, number) -> bill.id.""" + return { + (row.congress, row.bill_type, row.number): row.id + for row in session.execute(select(Bill.congress, Bill.bill_type, Bill.number, Bill.id)).all() + } + + +def _parse_vote( + data: dict, + legislator_map: dict[str, int], + bill_map: dict[tuple[int, str, int], int], + existing_votes: set[tuple[int, str, int, int]], +) -> Vote | None: + """Parse a vote data.json dict into a Vote ORM object with records.""" + raw_congress = data.get("congress") + chamber = data.get("chamber") + raw_number = data.get("number") + vote_date = data.get("date") + if raw_congress is None or chamber is None or raw_number is None or vote_date is None: + return None + + raw_session = data.get("session") + if raw_session is None: + return None + + congress = int(raw_congress) + number = int(raw_number) + session_number = int(raw_session) + + # Normalize chamber from "h"/"s" to "House"/"Senate" + chamber_normalized = {"h": "House", "s": "Senate"}.get(chamber, chamber) + + if (congress, chamber_normalized, session_number, number) in existing_votes: + return None + + # Resolve linked bill + bill_id = None + bill_ref = data.get("bill") + if bill_ref: + bill_key = ( + int(bill_ref.get("congress", congress)), + bill_ref.get("type"), + int(bill_ref.get("number", 0)), + ) + bill_id = bill_map.get(bill_key) + + raw_votes = data.get("votes", {}) + vote_counts = _count_votes(raw_votes) + vote_records = _build_vote_records(raw_votes, legislator_map) + + return Vote( + congress=congress, + chamber=chamber_normalized, + session=session_number, + number=number, + vote_type=data.get("type"), + question=data.get("question"), + result=data.get("result"), + result_text=data.get("result_text"), + vote_date=vote_date[:10] if isinstance(vote_date, str) else vote_date, + bill_id=bill_id, + vote_records=vote_records, + **vote_counts, + ) + + +def _count_votes(raw_votes: dict) -> dict[str, int]: + """Count voters per position category, correctly handling dict and list formats.""" + yea_count = 0 + nay_count = 0 + not_voting_count = 0 + present_count = 0 + + for position, position_group in raw_votes.items(): + voter_count = sum(1 for _ in _iter_voters(position_group)) + if position in ("Yea", "Aye"): + yea_count += voter_count + elif position in ("Nay", "No"): + nay_count += voter_count + elif position == "Not Voting": + not_voting_count += voter_count + elif position == "Present": + present_count += voter_count + + return { + "yea_count": yea_count, + "nay_count": nay_count, + "not_voting_count": not_voting_count, + "present_count": present_count, + } + + +def _build_vote_records(raw_votes: dict, legislator_map: dict[str, int]) -> list[VoteRecord]: + """Build VoteRecord objects from raw vote data.""" + records: list[VoteRecord] = [] + for position, position_group in raw_votes.items(): + for voter in _iter_voters(position_group): + bioguide_id = voter.get("id") + if not bioguide_id: + continue + legislator_id = legislator_map.get(bioguide_id) + if legislator_id is None: + continue + records.append( + VoteRecord( + legislator_id=legislator_id, + position=position, + ) + ) + return records + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Bill Text +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +def ingest_bill_text(engine: Engine, congress_dirs: list[Path]) -> None: + """Load bill text from text-versions directories.""" + with Session(engine) as session: + bill_map = _build_bill_map(session) + logger.info("Loaded %d bills into lookup map", len(bill_map)) + existing_bill_texts = { + (row.bill_id, row.version_code) + for row in session.execute(select(BillText.bill_id, BillText.version_code)).all() + } + logger.info("Found %d existing bill text versions in DB", len(existing_bill_texts)) + + total_inserted = 0 + batch: list[BillText] = [] + for congress_dir in congress_dirs: + logger.info("Scanning bill texts from %s", congress_dir.name) + for bill_text in _iter_bill_texts(congress_dir, bill_map, existing_bill_texts): + batch.append(bill_text) + if len(batch) >= BATCH_SIZE: + total_inserted += _flush_batch(session, batch, "bill texts") + + total_inserted += _flush_batch(session, batch, "bill texts") + logger.info("Inserted %d new bill text versions total", total_inserted) + + +def _iter_bill_texts( + congress_dir: Path, + bill_map: dict[tuple[int, str, int], int], + existing_bill_texts: set[tuple[int, str]], +) -> Iterator[BillText]: + """Yield BillText objects for a single congress directory, skipping existing.""" + bills_dir = congress_dir / "bills" + if not bills_dir.is_dir(): + return + + for bill_dir in bills_dir.rglob("text-versions"): + if not bill_dir.is_dir(): + continue + bill_key = _bill_key_from_dir(bill_dir.parent, congress_dir) + if bill_key is None: + continue + bill_id = bill_map.get(bill_key) + if bill_id is None: + continue + + for version_dir in sorted(bill_dir.iterdir()): + if not version_dir.is_dir(): + continue + if (bill_id, version_dir.name) in existing_bill_texts: + continue + text_content = _read_bill_text(version_dir) + version_data = _read_json(version_dir / "data.json") + yield BillText( + bill_id=bill_id, + version_code=version_dir.name, + version_name=version_data.get("version_name") if version_data else None, + date=version_data.get("issued_on") if version_data else None, + text_content=text_content, + ) + + +def _bill_key_from_dir(bill_dir: Path, congress_dir: Path) -> tuple[int, str, int] | None: + """Extract (congress, bill_type, number) from directory structure.""" + congress = int(congress_dir.name) + bill_type = bill_dir.parent.name + name = bill_dir.name + # Directory name is like "hr3590" — strip the type prefix to get the number + number_str = name[len(bill_type) :] + if not number_str.isdigit(): + return None + return (congress, bill_type, int(number_str)) + + +def _read_bill_text(version_dir: Path) -> str | None: + """Read bill text from a version directory, preferring .txt over .xml.""" + for extension in ("txt", "htm", "html", "xml"): + candidates = list(version_dir.glob(f"document.{extension}")) + if not candidates: + candidates = list(version_dir.glob(f"*.{extension}")) + if candidates: + try: + return candidates[0].read_text(encoding="utf-8") + except Exception: + logger.exception("Failed to read %s", candidates[0]) + return None + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Helpers +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +def _read_json(path: Path) -> dict | None: + """Read and parse a JSON file, returning None on failure.""" + try: + return orjson.loads(path.read_bytes()) + except FileNotFoundError: + return None + except Exception: + logger.exception("Failed to parse %s", path) + return None + + +if __name__ == "__main__": + app()